| Title: | Datasets for Teaching Archaeology and Paleontology |
|---|---|
| Description: | Datasets for teaching quantitative approaches and modeling in archaeology and paleontology. This package provides several types of data related to broad topics (cultural evolution, radiocarbon dating, paleoenvironments, etc.), which can be used to illustrate statistical methods in the classroom (multivariate data analysis, compositional data analysis, diversity measurement, etc.). |
| Authors: | Nicolas Frerebeau [aut, cre] (<https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5759-4944>, Université Bordeaux Montaigne), Brice Lebrun [ctb] (<https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7503-8685>, Logo designer), Université Bordeaux Montaigne [fnd], CNRS [fnd] |
| Maintainer: | Nicolas Frerebeau <[email protected]> |
| License: | GPL (>= 3) |
| Version: | 1.5.0 |
| Built: | 2024-09-20 12:38:32 UTC |
| Source: | https://github.com/tesselle/folio |
"The agreement between prediction and observation is seen to be satisfactory."
arnold1949arnold1949
A data.frame with 6 observations and 8 variables:
character: sample name.
integer: Expected age (year BP).
integer: Error on age_expected (year BP).
integer: Measured age (year BP).
integer: Error on age_found (year BP).
numeric: Expected specific activity (cpm/g of carbon).
numeric: Measured specific activity (cpm/g of carbon).
numeric: Error on activity_found (cpm/g of carbon).
Arnold, J. R. and Libby, W. F. (1949). Age Determinations by Radiocarbon Content: Checks with Samples of Known Age. Science, 110(2869), 678-80. doi:10.1126/science.110.2869.678
Other radiocarbon dating:
intcal09,
intcal13,
intcal20
A dataset of birds species abundance in remote European woodlands.
birdsbirds
A data.frame with 35 observations (species) and 3 variables (woodlands).
Magurran, A. E. (1988). Ecological Diversity and its Measurement. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. doi:10.1007/978-94-015-7358-0.
Other count data:
boves,
chevelon,
compiegne,
loire,
merzbach,
mississippi,
zuni
A dataset containing the ceramic counts from the castle site of Boves (Somme, France). The data are grouped into eight periods ranging from the 10th to the 18th century and thirteen ceramic types.
bovesboves
A data.frame with 8 observations (periods) and 13 variables (ceramic types).
Racinet P. (2002). Le site castral et prioral de Boves du Xe au XVIIe siècle. Bilan des recherches 1996-2000. Revue archéologique de Picardie. Numéro spécial 20, 123 p.
Other count data:
birds,
chevelon,
compiegne,
loire,
merzbach,
mississippi,
zuni
Chemical analysis of 369 Chinese ritual bronzes. The major elements (Cu, Sn and Pb) were measured using atomic absorption spectroscopy and the trace elements using neutron activation analysis.
bronzebronze
A data.frame with 88 observations and 22 variables (chemical elements):
integer: catalog number.
integer: chronology (typology).
ordered factor: dynasty name.
numeric: Cu content (ppm).
numeric: Sn content (ppm).
numeric: Pb content (ppm).
numeric: Zn content (ppm).
numeric: Au content (ppm).
numeric: Ag content (ppm).
numeric: As content (ppm).
numeric: Sb content (ppm).
Wood, J. R. & Liu, Y. (2023). A Multivariate Approach to Investigate Metallurgical Technology: The Case of the Chinese Ritual Bronzes. Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory, 30: 707-756. doi:10.1007/s10816-022-09572-8.
Bagley, R. W. (1987). Shang ritual bronzes in the Arthur M. Sackler collections. New York: The Arthur M. Sackler Foundation.
Rawson, J. (1990). Western Zhou ritual bronzes from the Arthur M. Sackler collections. New York: The Arthur M. Sackler Foundation.
So, J. (1995). Eastern Zhou ritual bronzes from the Arthur M. Sackler Collections. New York: The Arthur M. Sackler Foundation.
Other chemical data:
kommos,
verre
A dataset of ground stone artifact counts from the Cholla project (USA).
chevelonchevelon
A data.frame with 12 observations (sites) and 10 variables (ground stone types):
integer: basin metate.
integer: slab metate.
integer: Trough metate.
integer: indeterminate metate.
integer: unifacial mano.
integer: bifacial mano.
integer: modified unifacial handstone.
integer: modified bifacial handstone.
integer: unmodified unifacial handstone.
integer: unmodified bifacial handstone.
Reid, J. J. (ed.) (1982). Cholla Project Archaeology. Vol. 2. Archaeological Series 161. Tucson: University of Arizona. doi:10.6067/XCV8435710
Other count data:
birds,
boves,
compiegne,
loire,
merzbach,
mississippi,
zuni
A dataset of population, area, and infrastructural measures for Roman cities of the Imperial period.
citiescities
A data.frame with 125 observations (Roman cities) and 8 variables:
character: site Name.
integer: site area, in hectares.
integer: population estimate, following the
methodology in Hanson and Ortman (2017).
integer: total area of all fora/agorae in the site,
in square meters.
integer: total area of streets in the site, in
square meters.
integer: total length of streets in the site, in
meters.
integer: average width of streets, in square
meters.
integer: average area of a block, in square meters.
Hanson, J. & Ortman, S. (2019). Population, area, and infrastructural measures for Roman cities of the Imperial period. tDAR. doi:10.6067/XCV8448563.
Hanson J. W. & Ortman S. G. (2017). A systematic method for estimating the populations of Greek and Roman settlements. Journal of Roman Archaeology, 30:301-324. doi:10.1017/S1047759400074134.
Hanson J. W., Ortman S. G., Bettencourt L. M. A. & Mazur L. C. (2019). Urban form, infrastructure and spatial organisation in the Roman Empire. Antiquity, 93(369):702-718. doi:10.15184/aqy.2018.192.
Other geographical data:
inrap
A dataset containing the ceramic counts from the Place des Hallettes in Compiègne (Oise, France). The data are grouped into five periods of about a century, ranging from the 9th to the 14th century, and sixteen ceramic types.
compiegnecompiegne
A data.frame with 5 observations (periods) and 16 variables (ceramic types):
integer: red to white ceramics with fine sized inclusions.
integer: red to white ceramics with medium sized inclusions.
integer: dark ceramics with fine sized inclusions.
integer: dark ceramics with medium sized inclusions.
integer: ceramics close to those of groups B or D, with
similarities to group F.
integer: black, red or beige ceramics with coarse inclusions.
integer: red polished ceramics with fine to medium sized
inclusions.
integer: black polished ceramics with fine sized inclusions.
integer: black polished ceramics with medium sized inclusions.
integer: polished and painted ceramics with fine to medium
sized inclusions.
integer: painted ceramics, similar to those of group A.
integer: painted ceramics, similar to those of group B.
integer: painted ceramics with coarse inclusions.
integer: glazed ceramics.
integer: stamped ceramics.
integer: coated ceramics.
Chronological periods are numbered from the oldest to the most recent (from 1 to 5).
Lacroix, M. C. (1997). La céramique médiévale du site des Hallettes à Compiègne (Oise). Revue archéologique de Picardie. Numéro spécial, 13(1), 135-168. doi:10.3406/pica.1997.1945
Other count data:
birds,
boves,
chevelon,
loire,
merzbach,
mississippi,
zuni
EPICA Dome C 800-ka composite data.
epica2008epica2008
A data.frame with 1096 observations and 2 variables:
https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/6091
Lüthi, D., Le Floch, M., Bereiter, B., Blunier, T., Barnola, J.-M., Siegenthaler, U., Raynaud, D., Jouzel, J., Fischer, H., Kawamura, K. and Stocker, T. F. (2008). High-resolution carbon dioxide concentration record 650,000-800,000 years before present. Nature, 453, 379-382. doi:10.1038/nature06949
Monnin, E., Indermuhle, A., Dallenbach, A., Fluckiger, J., Stauffer, B., Stocker, T. F., Raynaud, D. and Barnola, J.-M. (2001). Atmospheric CO2 concentrations over the last glacial termination. Science, 291, 112-114. doi:10.1126/science.291.5501.112
Petit, J. R., Jouzel, J., Raynaud, D., Barkov, N. I., Barnola, J.-M., Basile, I., Benders, M., Chappellaz, J., Davis, M., Delayque, G., Delmotte, M., Kotlyakov, V. M., Legrand, M., Lipenkov, V. Y., Lorius, C., Pepin, L., Ritz, C., Saltzman, E. and Stievenard, M. (1999). Climate and atmospheric history of the past 420,000 years from the Vostok ice core, Antarctica. Nature, 399, 429-436. doi:10.1038/20859
Siegenthaler, U., Stocker, T. F., Monnin, E., Luthi, D., Schwander, J., Stauffer, B., Raynaud, D., Barnola, J.-M., Fischer, H., Masson-Delmotte, V., Jouzel, J. (2005). Stable Carbon Cycle-Climate Relationship During the Late Pleistocene. Science, 310, 1313-1317. doi:10.1126/science.1120130
Other palaeoenvironment data:
law2006,
lisiecki2005,
ngrip2004,
ngrip2010,
spratt2016
plot( x = epica2008$age / 1000, y = epica2008$CO2, type = "l", xlim = c(800, 0), xlab = "kilo year BP", ylab = expression("CO"[2]~"(ppmv)") )plot( x = epica2008$age / 1000, y = epica2008$CO2, type = "l", xlim = c(800, 0), xlab = "kilo year BP", ylab = expression("CO"[2]~"(ppmv)") )
A dataset of geographical locations of archaeological sites in France.
inrapinrap
A data.frame with 625 observations (archaeological sites) and 11 variables:
numeric: longitude (RGF93 v1 / Lambert-93).
numeric: latitude (RGF93 v1 / Lambert-93).
character: French region.
character: French departement.
character: French city.
character: name of the site.
Date: excavation start date.
Date: excavation end date.
list: chronology periods.
list: themes.
This dataset presents the geographical locations of a selection of preventive archaeological excavations carried out in France by the Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap).
https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/r/b098d16a-ae19-48e4-8c58-e659e0603acd (last update: 2024-06-03)
Other geographical data:
cities
# library(sf) # coord <- st_as_sf(inrap, coords = c("X", "Y"), crs = st_crs(2154)) # plot(coord["region"])# library(sf) # coord <- st_as_sf(inrap, coords = c("X", "Y"), crs = st_crs(2154)) # plot(coord["region"])
The IntCal series of radiocarbon calibration curves.
intcal09intcal09
A data.frame with 3522 observations and 5 variables:
integer: calendar (calibrated) age (year BP).
integer: radiocarbon age (year BP).
integer: radiocarbon error (year BP).
numeric: isotopic ratio (per mil).
numeric: error on delta (per mil).
Reimer, P. J., Baillie, M. G. L., Bard, E., Bayliss, A., Beck, J. W., Blackwell, P. G., Bronk Ramsey, C. et al. (2009). IntCal09 and Marine09 Radiocarbon age Calibration Curves, 0-50,000 Years Cal BP. Radiocarbon, 51(4): 1111-50. doi:10.1017/S0033822200034202.
Other radiocarbon dating:
arnold1949,
intcal13,
intcal20
The IntCal series of radiocarbon calibration curves.
intcal13intcal13
A data.frame with 5141 observations and 5 variables:
integer: calendar (calibrated) age (year BP).
integer: radiocarbon age (year BP).
integer: radiocarbon error (year BP).
numeric: isotopic ratio (per mil).
numeric: error on delta (per mil).
Reimer, P. J., Bard, E. Bayliss, A., Beck, J. W., Blackwell, P. G., Bronk Ramsey, C., Buck, C. E. et al. (2013). IntCal13 and Marine13 Radiocarbon age Calibration Curves 0-50,000 Years cal BP. Radiocarbon, 55(4): 1869-87. doi:10.2458/azu_js_rc.55.16947.
Other radiocarbon dating:
arnold1949,
intcal09,
intcal20
The IntCal series of radiocarbon calibration curves.
intcal20intcal20
A data.frame with 9501 observations and 5 variables:
integer: calendar (calibrated) age (year BP).
integer: radiocarbon age (year BP).
integer: radiocarbon error (year BP).
numeric: isotopic ratio (per mil).
numeric: error on delta (per mil).
Reimer, P. J., Austin, W. E. N., Bard, E., Bayliss, A., Blackwell, P. G., Bronk Ramsey, C., Butzin, M. et al. (2020). The IntCal20 Northern Hemisphere Radiocarbon âge Calibration Curve (0-55 Cal KBP). Radiocarbon, 62(4), 725-757. doi:10.1017/RDC.2020.41.
Other radiocarbon dating:
arnold1949,
intcal09,
intcal13
Chemical analysis (neutron activation analysis) of 88 Late Bronze Age transport jars found in excavations at Kommos, Crete.
kommoskommos
A data.frame with 88 observations and 22 variables (chemical elements):
factor: CJ (Canaanite jar), EJ (Egyptian jar);
TSJ (transport stirrup jar), SNA (short-necked amphora).
character: chronology (period).
numeric: Sm content (ppm).
numeric: Lu content (ppm).
numeric: U content (ppm).
numeric: Yb content (ppm).
numeric: As content (ppm).
numeric: Sb content (ppm).
numeric: Ca content (ppm).
numeric: Na content (ppm).
numeric: La content (ppm).
numeric: Ce content (ppm).
numeric: Th content (ppm).
numeric: Cr content (ppm).
numeric: Hf content (ppm).
numeric: Cs content (ppm).
numeric: Sc content (ppm).
numeric: Rb content (ppm).
numeric: Fe content (ppm).
numeric: Ta content (ppm).
numeric: Co content (ppm).
numeric: Eu content (ppm).
Day, P. M., Quinn, P. S., Rutter, J. B. & Kilikoglou, V. (2011). A World of Goods: Transport Jars and Commodity Exchange at the Late Bronze Age Harbor of Kommos, Crete. Hesperia, 80, 511-558. doi:10.2972/hesperia.80.4.0511
Other chemical data:
bronze,
verre
Law Dome Ice Core 2000-year , and
data.
law2006law2006
A data.frame with 2004 observations and 8 variables:
integer: year AD.
numeric: NOAA04 scale.
numeric: spline (ppb).
numeric: growth Rate (ppb/yr).
numeric: spline (ppb).
numeric: growth Rate (ppb/yr).
numeric: spline (ppb).
numeric: growth Rate (ppb/yr).
https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/9959
MacFarling Meure, C., Etheridge, D., Trudinger, C., Steele, P., Langenfelds, R., van Ommen, T., Smith, A. and Elkins, J. (2006). The Law Dome CO2, CH4 and N2O Ice Core Records Extended to 2000 years BP. Geophysical Research Letters, 33(14), L14810. doi:10.1029/2006GL026152.
Other palaeoenvironment data:
epica2008,
lisiecki2005,
ngrip2004,
ngrip2010,
spratt2016
plot( x = law2006$year, y = law2006$CO2_spl, type = "l", xlab = "Year AD", ylab = expression("CO"[2]~"(ppm)") )plot( x = law2006$year, y = law2006$CO2_spl, type = "l", xlab = "Year AD", ylab = expression("CO"[2]~"(ppm)") )
A global Pliocene-Pleistocene benthic stack.
lisiecki2005lisiecki2005
A data.frame with 2115 observations and 3 variables:
numeric: calendar age (kilo year cal BP).
numeric: benthic (per mil).
numeric: standard error (per mil).
The LR04 stack spans 5.3 Myr and is an average of 57 globally distributed
benthic records (which measure global ice
volume and deep ocean temperature) collected from the scientific literature.
https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/5847
Lisiecki, L. E. and Raymo, M. E. (2005). A Pliocene-Pleistocene stack of 57 globally distributed benthic d18O records. Paleoceanography, 20, PA1003. doi:10.1029/2004PA001071
Other palaeoenvironment data:
epica2008,
law2006,
ngrip2004,
ngrip2010,
spratt2016
Other isotopic data:
ngrip2004,
ngrip2010,
nydal1996,
spratt2016,
vegetation
plot( x = lisiecki2005$age, y = lisiecki2005$delta, type = "l", xlim = c(500, 0), xlab = "kilo year BP", ylab = expression(delta^{18}*"O") )plot( x = lisiecki2005$age, y = lisiecki2005$delta, type = "l", xlim = c(500, 0), xlab = "kilo year BP", ylab = expression(delta^{18}*"O") )
A dataset containing the ceramic counts from the Loire Basin (France).
loireloire
A data.frame with 332 observations (assemblages) and 331 variables (ceramic types).
The first five columns provide background information, the next columns give
the MNI of each ceramic types:
character: name of the archaeological site.
character: city.
character: geographical area.
integer: lower bound of the temporal range (year AD).
integer: upper bound of the temporal range (year AD).
https://ceramedvaldeloire.huma-num.fr/editions/suppl79racf2022/accueil
Husi, P. (dir.). (2022). La céramique médiévale et moderne du bassin de la Loire moyenne, chrono-typologie et transformation des aires culturelles dans la longue durée (6e-19e s.). Suppléments à la revue Archéologique du Centre de la France, 79.
Other count data:
birds,
boves,
chevelon,
compiegne,
merzbach,
mississippi,
zuni
A dataset containing the ceramic counts from the Merzbach assemblage (Germany). The data are grouped into eight phases.
merzbachmerzbach
A data.frame with 8 observations (chronological phases) and 36 variables (pottery motifs).
Crema, E. R. (2016). Sample codes and data for "Revealing patterns of cultural transmission from frequency data: equilibrium and non-equilibrium assumptions". Zenodo, v1.0. doi:10.5281/zenodo.187558.
Crema, E. R., Kandler, A. & Shennan, S. (2016). Revealing Patterns of Cultural Transmission from Frequency Data: Equilibrium and Non-Equilibrium Assumptions. Scientific Reports, 6(1). doi:10.1038/srep39122.
Other count data:
birds,
boves,
chevelon,
compiegne,
loire,
mississippi,
zuni
A dataset containing ceramic counts from the Mississippi region.
mississippimississippi
A data.frame with 20 observations and 10 variables (ceramic types):
Lipo, C. P., Madsen, M. E. & Dunnell, R. C. (2015). A Theoretically-Sufficient and Computationally-Practical Technique for Deterministic Frequency Seriation. PLOS ONE, 10(4), e0124942. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0124942.
Other count data:
birds,
boves,
chevelon,
compiegne,
loire,
merzbach,
zuni
A dataset of data set of artifact presence/absence for the Celtic Münsingen-Rain cemetery (Switzerland).
munsingenmunsingen
A data.frame with 59 observations (graves) and 70 variables (artefact types).
Hodson, F. R. (1968). The La Tene Cemetery at Münsingen-Rain. Stämpfli, Bern.
Kendall, D. G. (1971). Seriation from abundance matrices. In Hodson, F. R., Kendall, D. G. and Tautu, P. (eds), Mathematics in the Archaeological and Historical Sciences. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 215-232.
Other artefact data:
shipwrecks
heatmap( x = as.matrix(munsingen), Rowv = NA, Colv = NA, scale = "none", col = c("white", "black") )heatmap( x = as.matrix(munsingen), Rowv = NA, Colv = NA, scale = "none", col = c("white", "black") )
50-year averaged oxygen isotope data from the North Greenland Ice Core Project (ss09sea time scale).
ngrip2004ngrip2004
A data.frame with 4918 observations and 2 variables:
https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/2481
North Greenland Ice Core Project members (2004). High-resolution record of Northern Hemisphere climate extending into the last interglacial period. Nature, 431(7005), 147-151. doi:10.1038/nature02805
Other palaeoenvironment data:
epica2008,
law2006,
lisiecki2005,
ngrip2010,
spratt2016
Other isotopic data:
lisiecki2005,
ngrip2010,
nydal1996,
spratt2016,
vegetation
plot( x = ngrip2004$age / 1000, y = ngrip2004$delta, type = "l", xlim = c(120, 0), xlab = "ss09sea (ka b2k)", ylab = expression(delta^{18}*"O") )plot( x = ngrip2004$age / 1000, y = ngrip2004$delta, type = "l", xlim = c(120, 0), xlab = "ss09sea (ka b2k)", ylab = expression(delta^{18}*"O") )
20-year averaged oxygen isotope data from the North Greenland Ice Core Project (GICC05 time scale).
ngrip2010ngrip2010
A data.frame with 6114 observations and 4 variables:
integer: calendar age (years before 2000 AD), GICC05 time scale
(or GICC05modelext when going beyond 60 ka b2k).
numeric: depth (meters).
numeric: (per mil).
numeric: maximum counting error (years).
Use the labels GICC05 (or GICC05modelext when going beyond 60 ka b2k) on graphs.
https://www.iceandclimate.nbi.ku.dk/data/
Vinther, B. M., Clausen, H. B., Johnsen, S. J., Rasmussen, S. O., Andersen, K. K., Buchardt, S. L., Dahl-Jensen, D., Seierstad, I. K., Siggaard-Andersen, M.-L., Steffensen, J. P., Svensson, A. M., Olsen, J. & Heinemeier, J. (2006). A synchronized dating of three Greenland ice cores throughout the Holocene. Journal of Geophysical Research, 111, D13102. doi:10.1029/2005JD006921.
Rasmussen, S. O., Andersen, K. K., Svensson, A. M., Steffensen, J. P., Vinther, B. M., Clausen, H. B., Siggaard-Andersen, M.-L., Johnsen, S. J., Larsen, L. B., Dahl-Jensen, D., Bigler, M., Röthlisberger, R., Fischer, H., Goto-Azuma, K., Hansson, M. E. & Ruth, U. (2006). A new Greenland ice core chronology for the last glacial termination. Journal of Geophysical Research, 111, D06102. doi:10.1029/2005JD006079.
Andersen, K. K., Svensson, A., Johnsen, S. J., Rasmussen, S. O., Bigler, M., Röthlisberger, R., Ruth, U., Siggaard-Andersen, M.-L., Steffensen, J. P., Dahl-Jensen, D., Vinther, B. M. & Clausen, H.B. (2005). The Greenland Ice Core Chronology 2005, 15-42 ka. Part 1: Constructing the time scale. Quaternary Science Reviews, 25(23-24):3246-3257. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2006.08.002.
Svensson, A., Andersen, K. K., Bigler, M., Clausen, H. B., Dahl-Jensen, D., Davies, S. M., Johnsen, S. J., Muscheler, R., Rasmussen, S. O., Röthlisberger, R., Seierstad, I., Steffensen, J. P. & Vinther, B. M. (2008). A 60,000 year Greenland stratigraphic ice core chronology. Climate of the Past, 4:47–57. doi:10.5194/cp-4-47-2008.
Wolff, E. W., Chappellaz, J., Blunier, T., Rasmussen, S. O. & Svensson, A. (2010). Millennial-scale variability during the last glacial: The ice core record. Quaternary Science Reviews, 29:2828-2838. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.10.013.
Other palaeoenvironment data:
epica2008,
law2006,
lisiecki2005,
ngrip2004,
spratt2016
Other isotopic data:
lisiecki2005,
ngrip2004,
nydal1996,
spratt2016,
vegetation
plot( x = ngrip2010$age / 1000, y = ngrip2010$delta, type = "l", xlim = c(120, 0), xlab = "GICC05", ylab = expression(delta^{18}*"O") )plot( x = ngrip2010$age / 1000, y = ngrip2010$delta, type = "l", xlim = c(120, 0), xlab = "GICC05", ylab = expression(delta^{18}*"O") )
Corrected measurements from air samples collected at five
Norwegian sites from 1962-1993.
nydal1996nydal1996
A data.frame with 620 observations and 5 variables:
character: sampling station.
Date: beginning date of the sampling period.
Date: ending date of the sampling period.
numeric: isotopic ratio (per mil).
numeric: error on delta (per mil).
Nydal, R. and Lövseth, K. (1996). Carbon-14 Measurements in Atmospheric CO2 from Northern and Southern Hemisphere Sites, 1962-1993. ORNL/CDIAC-93; NDP-057. Washington, DC: USDOE Office of Energy Research. doi:10.2172/461185
Other isotopic data:
lisiecki2005,
ngrip2004,
ngrip2010,
spratt2016,
vegetation
plot( x = nydal1996$start, y = nydal1996$delta, type = "p", xlab = "Date", ylab = expression(Delta^{14}*"C") )plot( x = nydal1996$start, y = nydal1996$delta, type = "p", xlab = "Date", ylab = expression(Delta^{14}*"C") )
A dataset of Mediterranean shipwrecks.
shipwrecksshipwrecks
A data.frame with 1784 observations (wrecks) and 13 variables:
character: wreck name.
character: region of the sea where the wreck was discovered.
character: country where the wreck was discovered.
character: region where the wreck was discovered.
integer: minimum depth of the wreck (m).
integer: maximum depth of the wreck (m).
character: depth of the wreck (m).
character: chronology (period).
character: chronology (dating).
integer: earliest date.
integer: latest date.
character: place of origin.
character: place of destination.
This dataset contains typos and needs to be normalized.
Strauss, J. (2013). Shipwrecks Database. Version 1.0. Accessed 2022-08-13. URL: http://oxrep.classics.ox.ac.uk/databases/shipwrecks_database/
Parker, A. J. (1992). Ancient Shipwrecks of the Mediterranean and the Roman Provinces. British Archaeological Reports International Series 580. Oxford.
Strauss, E. J. (2007). Roman Cargoes: Underwater Evidence from the Eastern Mediterranean. Doctoral thesis, University College London. URL: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1349806.
Other artefact data:
munsingen
A Late Pleistocene sea level stack based on marine sediment core data
(foraminiferal carbonate ).
spratt2016spratt2016
A data.frame with 799 observations and 9 variables:
integer: age (calendar kilo year BP).
numeric: sea Level (meters above present day),
climate reconstructions (scaled first principal component of seven sea
level reconstructions (0-430 ka)).
numeric: sea Level standard deviation
from bootstrap (meters), climate reconstructions (scaled first principal
component of seven sea level reconstructions (0-430 ka)).
numeric: sea Level 95% confidence
interval lower bound (meters), climate reconstructions (scaled first
principal component of seven sea level reconstructions (0-430 ka)).
numeric: sea Level 95% confidence
interval upper bound (meters), climate reconstructions (scaled first
principal component of seven sea level reconstructions (0-430 ka)).
numeric: sea Level (meters above present day),
climate reconstructions (scaled first principal component of five sea
level reconstructions (0-798 ka)).
numeric: sea Level standard deviation
from bootstrap (meters), climate reconstructions (scaled first principal
component of five sea level reconstructions (0-798 ka)).
numeric: sea Level 95% confidence
interval lower bound (meters), climate reconstructions (scaled first
principal component of five sea level reconstructions (0-798 ka)).
numeric: sea Level 95% confidence
interval upper bound (meters), climate reconstructions (scaled first
principal component of five sea level reconstructions (0-798 ka)).
https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/19982
Spratt, R. M. and Lisiecki, L. E. (2016). A Late Pleistocene sea level stack. Climate of the Past, 12, 1079-1092. doi:10.5194/cp-12-1079-2016
Other palaeoenvironment data:
epica2008,
law2006,
lisiecki2005,
ngrip2004,
ngrip2010
Other isotopic data:
lisiecki2005,
ngrip2004,
ngrip2010,
nydal1996,
vegetation
plot( x = spratt2016$age_calkaBP, y = spratt2016$SeaLev_longPC1, type = "l", xlim = c(500, 0), xlab = "kilo year BP", ylab = "Sea level (meters above present)" )plot( x = spratt2016$age_calkaBP, y = spratt2016$SeaLev_longPC1, type = "l", xlim = c(500, 0), xlab = "kilo year BP", ylab = "Sea level (meters above present)" )
The ICS international chronostratigraphic chart (v2022/2).
stratigraphystratigraphy
A data.frame with 176 observations and 5 variables:
character: unit type ("eon", "era", "period",
"series" or "stage"). Precambrian and Hadean are informal units.
character: unit name.
numeric: numerical age (Ma).
numeric: error on numerical age (Ma).
character: parent unit.
https://stratigraphy.org/ICSchart/ChronostratChart2022-02.pdf
Cohen, K. M., Finney, S. C., Gibbard, P. L. and Fan, J.-X. (2013). The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart. Episodes, 36(3): 199-204. doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2013/v36i3/002
Values for Vegetation
vegetationvegetation
A data.frame with 155 observations and 5 variables:
character: plant family.
character: plant species.
character: C3 or C4 plant.
numeric: isotopic ratio
(per mil).
character: country.
Cerling, T. E. and Harris, J. M. (1999). Carbon isotope fractionation between diet and bioapatite in ungulate mammals and implications for ecological and paleoecological studies. Oecologia, 120, 347-363. doi:10.1007/s004420050868
Other isotopic data:
lisiecki2005,
ngrip2004,
ngrip2010,
nydal1996,
spratt2016
hist( x = vegetation$delta, breaks = 20, main = "C3 and C4 plants", xlab = expression(delta^{13}*"C"), xlim = c(-40, 0) ) boxplot( delta ~ type, data = vegetation, horizontal = TRUE, xlab = expression(delta^{13}*"C"), ylab = "Plant", ylim = c(-40, 0) )hist( x = vegetation$delta, breaks = 20, main = "C3 and C4 plants", xlab = expression(delta^{13}*"C"), xlim = c(-40, 0) ) boxplot( delta ~ type, data = vegetation, horizontal = TRUE, xlab = expression(delta^{13}*"C"), ylab = "Plant", ylim = c(-40, 0) )
Chemical analysis (electron probe X-ray micro analysis) of 398 medieval glass vessels found in France.
verreverre
A data.frame with 398 observations and 17 variables:
factor: CNL (Cour Napoléon, Louvre), ORL (Orléans),
POI (Poitiers), ANG (Angers), OMO (Omonville, Seine Maritime),
ROU (Rouen), MEA (Meaux), CHL (Châlons-sur-Marne),
PAI (Pairu, Argonne, Ardennes), BER (Bercettes, Argonne, Ardennes),
BIN (Binois, Argonne, Ardennes), CHE (Chevrie, Argonne, Ardennes),
MIT (Mitte, Argonne, Ardennes), MET (Metz), CHM (Chambaran).
character: sample code.
character: typology.
character: century.
factor: I (9th-12th century), II (13th-first
half of the 15th century), III (end of the 15th to end of the 16th
century), IV (end of 16th to end of the 17th century).
factor: ? (unknown), B (blue), CL (colourless),
CLg (colourless – greyish tint),
PB (pale blue; PGE: pale greenish),
PGE-B (pale green-blue or blue-green),
PGY-B (pale grey-blue), R (opaque red), W (opaque white),
*av (added aventurine spots),
*bl (added thread blue or blue spots),
*r (added thread opaque red or opaque red spots),
*w (added thread opaque white).
numeric: Na2O content (percent).
numeric: CaO content (percent).
numeric: K2O content (percent).
numeric: MgO content (percent).
numeric: P2O5 content (percent).
numeric: SiO2 content (percent).
numeric: Al2O3 content (percent).
numeric: FeO content (percent).
numeric: MnO content (percent).
numeric: Cl content (percent).
character: site reference.
Barrera J., Velde B. (1989). A study of french medieval glass composition. Archéologie médiévale, 19, 81-130. doi:10.3406/arcme.1989.953.
Other chemical data:
bronze,
kommos
plot( x = verre$Na2O, y = verre$CaO / (verre$CaO + verre$K2O), type = "p", xlab = expression("Na"[2]*"O (%)"), ylab = expression("CaO"/"(CaO"+"K"[2]*"O)") )plot( x = verre$Na2O, y = verre$CaO / (verre$CaO + verre$K2O), type = "p", xlab = expression("Na"[2]*"O (%)"), ylab = expression("CaO"/"(CaO"+"K"[2]*"O)") )
A dataset containing ceramic counts from the Zuni region of the American Southwest.
zunizuni
A data.frame with 420 observations (assemblages) and 18 variables (ceramic types):
integer: Lino Gray (575-875).
integer: Kiatuthlanna Black-on-white (850-910).
integer: Red Mesa Black-on-white (900-1030).
integer: Gallup Black-on-white (1025-1150).
integer: Escavada Black-on-white (1050-1150).
integer: Puerco Black-on-white (1050-1200).
integer: Reserve Black-on-white (1071-1115).
integer: Tularosa Black-on-white (1175-1300).
integer: Pinedale Black-on-white (1275-1325).
integer: Puerco Black-on-red (1050-1200).
integer: Wingate Black-on-red (1070-1200).
integer: Wingate Polychrome (1150-1250).
integer: St. Johns Black-on-red/Polychrome (1200-1300).
integer: St. Johns glaze, Techado Polychrome (1275-1300).
integer: Springerville Polychrome (1250-1300).
integer: Pinedale Black-on-red/Polychrome (1275-1325).
integer: Heshotauthla Polychrome (1285-1400).
integer: Kwakina Polychrome (1285-1400).
The numbers in brackets correspond to the date range of each type (in AD years).
Peeples, M. A., & Schachner, G. (2012). Refining correspondence analysis-based ceramic seriation of regional data sets. Journal of Archaeological Science, 39(8), 2818-2827. doi:10.1016/j.jas.2012.04.040.
Other count data:
birds,
boves,
chevelon,
compiegne,
loire,
merzbach,
mississippi